I have just returned from attending a course on the “Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death in Athletes,” hosted by the University of Washington medical school in Seattle.  It was a terrific conference at which academic leaders in the field gave updates on the latest research.

Dr. Aaron Baggish, from the Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, summarized two recent studies that have persuasively shown that coronary calcifications are more common in long-term endurance athletes compared to more sedentary controls.

When the studies were published this past summer, Dr. Baggish was asked to write an editorial commentary to share his perspective.  That editorial was provocatively subtitled “Hearts of Stone.”  The phrase refers to the appearance on CT scans of hearts with heavily calcified arteries as shown in this image:

Calcium in coronary artery detected by CT scan.
Image attribution: Wikimedia Commons

Background

In the last several years, a few reports were published suggesting that endurance athletes may be more prone to having build-up of plaque and calcium in their coronary arteries.  Those reports presented a paradox, because we also know beyond any doubt that regular, moderate level exercise promotes cardiovascular health and longevity.  The studies raised the concern that exercise could be harmful after a certain point.Read more

Image attribution: www.volganet.ru CC.BY.SA.3.0

The adverse effect of lack of exercise on the blood pressure is well known.  A sedentary life frequently leads to chronic hypertension, and in turn, high blood pressure can lead to heart, brain, and kidney damage.

We will address the topic of chronic hypertension in a separate article.  Today, we will discuss a phenomenon called “hypertensive response to exercise” which can occur in seemingly healthy subjects who have no history of hypertension but whose blood pressure during exercise seems to increase “too much.”Read more

We are delighted to have been featured in a San Francisco Chronicle article which highlights the rising interest in cardiac screening among athletes.  I was correctly identified as being among the growing number of cardiologists who believe that current screening tools are excellent and underutilized.

The article covered the subject of screening in general, so I would like to offer some additional information for clarification. Read more